如今,我们的很多应用程序是基于Spring的,通过Spring IOC容器来管理我们的Java对象。所以这里单独提出对Spring Bean如何Mock方法。
以上述提到如何Mock类中的提到的AnOrdinaryClass为例,先把这个类配置在Spring的配置文件中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!--suppress ALL --> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName"> <!-- 1个普通的spring bean--> <bean id="anOrdinaryBean" class="cn.jmockit.demos.AnOrdinaryClass" /> </beans>
同样地,讲述2种Mock方法
用Expectations来Mock。
用MockUp来Mock
//用Expectations来Mock Spring Bean @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/META-INF/applicationContext1.xml" }) @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) public class SpringBeanMockingByExpectationsTest { // 注入Spring Bean,Mock这个实例,就达到了Mock Spring Bean的目的 @Resource AnOrdinaryClass anOrdinaryBean; @Test public void testSpringBeanMockingByExpectation() { // 直接把实例传给Expectations的构造函数即可Mock这个实例 new Expectations(anOrdinaryBean) { { // 尽管这里也可以Mock静态方法,但不推荐在这里写。静态方法的Mock应该是针对类的 // mock普通方法 anOrdinaryBean.ordinaryMethod(); result = 20; // mock final方法 anOrdinaryBean.finalMethod(); result = 30; // native, private方法无法用Expectations来Mock } }; Assert.assertTrue(AnOrdinaryClass.staticMethod() == 1); Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.ordinaryMethod() == 20); Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.finalMethod() == 30); // 用Expectations无法mock native方法 Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.navtiveMethod() == 4); // 用Expectations无法mock private方法 Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.callPrivateMethod() == 5); } @BeforeClass // 加载AnOrdinaryClass类的native方法的native实现 public static void loadNative() throws Throwable { JNITools.loadNative(); } }
//用MockUp来Mock Spring Bean @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/META-INF/applicationContext1.xml" }) @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) public class SpringBeanMockingByMockUpTest { // 注入Spring Bean,Mock这个实例,就达到了Mock Spring Bean的目的 @Resource AnOrdinaryClass anOrdinaryBean; @Test public void testSpringBeanMockingByMockUp() { // 静态方法被mock了 Assert.assertTrue(AnOrdinaryClass.staticMethod() == 10); // 普通方法被mock了 Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.ordinaryMethod() == 20); // final方法被mock了 Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.finalMethod() == 30); // native方法被mock了 Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.navtiveMethod() == 40); // private方法被mock了 Assert.assertTrue(anOrdinaryBean.callPrivateMethod() == 50); } @BeforeClass public static void beforeClassMethods() throws Throwable { loadNative(); // 必须在Spring容器初始化前,就对Spring Bean的类做MockUp addMockUps(); } // 加载AnOrdinaryClass类的native方法的native实现 public static void loadNative() throws Throwable { JNITools.loadNative(); } // 对AnOrdinaryClass的Class public static class AnOrdinaryClassMockUp extends MockUp<AnOrdinaryClass> { // Mock静态方法 @Mock public static int staticMethod() { return 10; } // Mock普通方法 @Mock public int ordinaryMethod() { return 20; } @Mock // Mock final方法 public final int finalMethod() { return 30; } // Mock native方法 @Mock public int navtiveMethod() { return 40; } // Mock private方法 @Mock private int privateMethod() { return 50; } } // 添加MockUp public static void addMockUps() { new AnOrdinaryClassMockUp(); } }